Miguel Induráin Contents Early life and amateur career Professional career Retirement Physical prowess Personality Decorations Career achievements Notes References Further reading External links Navigation menu"Miguel Induráin Olympic Results""Palmarès de Miguel Induráin"the original"Induráin venció la contrarreloj""Induráin: Ser líder a los 20 años""The Tour – Miguel Induráin"the original"Induráin emperaza con bronquitis""1989 How it happened""1991–1995: Big Mig's masterclass"The complete idiot's guide to cycling"78ème Tour de France 1991""Grand Tour Doubles – Miguel Induráin – Cycling Weekly"11007591"Induráin's sensible sacrifice""Drugs in Sport: Induráin allowed to use 'banned' drug""A giant in the saddle; profile; Miguel Induráin""Miguel Induráin""Olympic Gold Begins With Good Genes, Experts Say""Greg LeMond Professional Cycling's Talented Revolutionary""The Cycling Physiology of Miguel Indurain 14 Years After Retirement"10.1123/ijspp.7.4.397"Report: Induráin and Banesto were Conconi clients""Vayer casts doubt over performances of Induráin and Jalabert""Miguel Induráin – Laureus Academy Member""Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sporting Merit""Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit – Documento BOE-A-1995-22891"Champion: Bicycle Racing in the Age of Miguel InduráinInduráin: A Tempered Passion22868823Miguel Induráin's FoundationSpanish Olympic CommitteeeeeeeeeXX953346cb124961837(data)1194094450000 0001 0598 0851n93077779006497472049015120490151
1909Luigi Ganna191011Carlo Galetti1912Atala–DunlopCarlo GalettiGiovanni MichelettoEberardo Pavesi1913Carlo Oriani1914Alfonso Calzolari1919Costante Girardengo1920Gaetano Belloni192122Giovanni Brunero1923Costante Girardengo1924Giuseppe Enrici1925Alfredo Binda1926Giovanni Brunero192729Alfredo Binda1930Luigi Marchisio1931Francesco Camusso1932Antonio Pesenti1933Alfredo Binda1934Learco Guerra1935Vasco Bergamaschi193637Gino Bartali193839Giovanni Valetti1940Fausto Coppi1946Gino Bartali1947Fausto Coppi1948Fiorenzo Magni1949Fausto Coppi1950Hugo Koblet1951Fiorenzo Magni195253Fausto Coppi1954Carlo Clerici1955Fiorenzo Magni1956Charly Gaul1957Gastone Nencini1958Ercole Baldini1959Charly Gaul1960Jacques Anquetil1961Arnaldo Pambianco196263Franco Balmamion1964Jacques Anquetil1965Vittorio Adorni1966Gianni Motta1967Felice Gimondi1968Eddy Merckx1969Felice Gimondi1970Eddy Merckx1971Gösta Pettersson197274Eddy Merckx1975Fausto Bertoglio1976Felice Gimondi1977Michel Pollentier1978Johan De Muynck1979Giuseppe Saronni1980Bernard Hinault1981Giovanni Battaglin1982Bernard Hinault1983Giuseppe Saronni1984Francesco Moser1985Bernard Hinault1986Roberto Visentini1987Stephen Roche1988Andy Hampsten1989Laurent Fignon1990Gianni Bugno1991Franco Chioccioli199293Miguel Indurain1994Evgeni Berzin1995Tony Rominger1996Pavel Tonkov1997Ivan Gotti1998Marco Pantani1999Ivan Gotti2000Stefano Garzelli2001Gilberto Simoni2002Paolo Savoldelli2003Gilberto Simoni2004Damiano Cunego2005Paolo Savoldelli2006Ivan Basso2007Danilo Di Luca2008Alberto Contador2009Denis Menchov2010Ivan Basso2011Michele Scarponi2012Ryder Hesjedal2013Vincenzo Nibali2014Nairo Quintana2015Alberto Contador2016Vincenzo Nibali2017Tom Dumoulin2018Chris Froome1903Maurice Garin1904Henri Cornet1905Louis Trousselier1906René Pottier190708Lucien Petit-Breton1909François Faber1910Octave Lapize1911Gustave Garrigou1912Odile Defraye191314Philippe Thys1919Firmin Lambot1940–461947Jean Robic1948Gino Bartali1949Fausto Coppi1950Ferdinand Kübler1951Hugo Koblet1952Fausto Coppi195355Louison Bobet1956Roger Walkowiak1957Jacques Anquetil1958Charly Gaul1959Federico Bahamontes1980Joop Zoetemelk198182Bernard Hinault198384Laurent Fignon1985Bernard Hinault1986Greg LeMond1987Stephen Roche1988Pedro Delgado198990Greg LeMond199195Miguel Indurain1996Bjarne Riis1997Jan Ullrich1998Marco Pantani1994Chris Boardman1995Miguel Indurain1996Alex Zülle1997Laurent Jalabert1998Abraham Olano1999Jan Ullrich2000Serhiy Honchar2001Jan Ullrich2002Santiago Botero200320042005Michael Rogers20062007Fabian Cancellara2008Bert Grabsch20092010Fabian Cancellara201120122013Tony Martin2014Bradley Wiggins2015Vasil Kiryienka2016Tony Martin2017Tom Dumoulin2018Rohan DennisJosé MarínJuan Antonio CorbalánJosé Manuel AbascalJosé AmengualJosé Luis GonzálezJorge MartínezJosé DoresteManuel PereiraCarlos SainzMartin López-ZuberoMiguel IndurainJesús Ángel GarcíaValentí MassanaJosé María OlazábalMiguel IndurainFermín CachoJoan LlanerasÀlex CorretjaAbel AntónJoan LlanerasGervasio DeferrPau GasolAlberto GarcíaJuan Carlos FerreroDavid CalFernando AlonsoRafael NadalRafael TrujilloRafael NadalXavi HernándezJorge LorenzoJuan Carlos NavarroJoel GonzálezFrancisco Javier Gómez NoyaMarc MárquezJavier FernándezSaúl CraviottoRafael NadalVittorio AdorniJacques AnquetilMoreno ArgentinFederico BahamontesErcole BaldiniGino BartaliAlfredo BindaLouison BobetGianni BugnoEugène ChristopheFausto CoppiMaurice GarinCharly GaulFelice GimondiBernard HinaultMiguel InduráinJan JanssenSean KellyFerdinand KüblerHennie KuiperAndré LeducqGreg LeMondLucien LesnaAntonin MagneFreddy MaertensFiorenzo MagniEddy MerckxFrancesco MoserRaymond PoulidorStephen RocheGiuseppe SaronniBriek SchotteGeorges SpeicherPhilippe ThysRik Van LooyRik Van SteenbergenJoop ZoetemelkMaria CaninsJeannie LongoUrs FreulerMichael HübnerAntonio MaspesDaniel MorelonMichel RousseauJef ScherensMarshall TaylorArie van VlietArthur Augustus ZimmermanFélicia BallangerErik De VlaeminckAndré DufraisseRoland LibotonRenato LongoKlaus-Peter ThalerRolf WolfshohlAlbert ZweifelNed Overend
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Miguel Induráin
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 Induráin in 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Personal information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Full name | Miguel Induráin Larraya | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickname | Miguelón, Big Mig (English) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born | (1964-07-16) 16 July 1964 Villava, Spain[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Height | 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weight | 80 kg (176 lb; 12 st 8 lb) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Team information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Current team | Retired | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discipline | Road | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Role | Rider | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rider type | All-rounder | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amateur team(s) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1978–1983 | CC Villavés | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Professional team(s) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1984–1996 | Reynolds | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Major wins | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Grand Tour
Stage races
One-day races and Classics
Other
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Medal record
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Miguel Induráin Larraya (Spanish pronunciation: [miˈɣel induˈɾain laˈraʝa]; born 16 July 1964) is a retired Spanish road racing cyclist.
Induráin won five Tours de France from 1991 to 1995, the fourth, and last, to win five times, and the only five-time winner to achieve those victories consecutively.[2] He won the Giro d'Italia twice, becoming one of seven people to achieve the Giro-Tour double in the same season. He wore the race leader's yellow jersey in the Tour de France for 60 days.[1] Since the revoking of Lance Armstrong's seven wins, he now holds the record for the most consecutive Tour de France wins and shares the record for most wins with Jacques Anquetil, Bernard Hinault and Eddy Merckx.[3]
Induráin's ability and physical size—1.88 m (6 ft 2 in) and 80 kilograms (176 lb)—earned him the nickname "Miguelón" or "Big Mig". He was the youngest rider ever to win the Spanish amateur national road championship, when he was 18,[4] at 20 the youngest rider to lead the Vuelta a España,[4] and at 20 he won a stage of the Tour de l'Avenir.[4][5]
Contents
1 Early life and amateur career
2 Professional career
2.1 1991: First Tour win
2.2 1992: Tour-Giro double
2.3 1993: Second Tour-Giro double
2.4 1994: Tour and hour record
2.5 1995: Fifth Tour victory
2.6 1996: Aiming for sixth Tour victory
3 Retirement
4 Physical prowess
4.1 Critics
5 Personality
6 Decorations
7 Career achievements
7.1 Major results
7.2 Grand Tour general classification results timeline
8 Notes
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Early life and amateur career
Miguel Induráin was born in the village of Villava (now Villava – Atarrabia), which is now an outlying area of Pamplona. He has three sisters – Isabel, María Dolores and María Asunción[6] – and a brother, Prudencio, who also became a professional cyclist.[7] His first bicycle was a green secondhand Olmo given to him for his 10th birthday. It was stolen when he was 11 and he worked in the fields with his father to pay for a new one.[4]
Induráin tried running, basketball, javelin and football from nine to 14. Then he joined the local CC Villavés and rode his first race in July 1978,[4][N 1] an event for unlicensed riders in which he finished second.[7] He won his second race and competed every week thereafter.[7] His hero in cycling was Bernard Hinault.[8] At 18 he was the youngest winner of the national amateur road championship.[4]
Professional career
In 1984 he rode in the Olympic Games at Los Angeles and then turned professional on 4 September[4] for Reynolds.[1][7][9] He won his first professional race a week later, a time trial in the Tour de l'Avenir.[10] In 1985 he started the Vuelta a España and came second in the prologue, behind Bert Oosterbosch. Oosterbosch lost time on the second stage and Induráin became leader, the youngest rider to do it.[11] He rode the Tour de France later that year, as he would do in each of the next 11 years, but dropped out in the fourth stage.[12]
In 1986, Induráin again rode the Tour, dropping out on the 12th stage.[12] He started the 1987 Vuelta a España with bronchitis from the Tour of Belgium.[13] He rode the 1988 Tour de France as teammate of the winner Pedro Delgado. In 1989, he escaped during the ninth stage of the Tour de France. He won the stage and became leader of the mountains classification, wearing the polkadot jersey the next stage, the only time in his career.[14] In 1990, Induráin rode the Tour de France again for Delgado, but Delgado could not win. Induráin finished 10th place, sacrificing several places by waiting for Delgado.[15]
Induráin was a strong time trialist, gaining on rivals and riding defensively in the climbing stages. Induráin won only two Tour stages that were not individual time trials: mountain stages to Cauterets (1989) and Luz Ardiden (1990) in the Pyrenees. During his five consecutive Tour de France wins he never won a stage that was not a time trial. These superior abilities in the discipline fit perfectly with the TT heavy Tours of the era, with many featuring between 150 and 200 km of time trialling vs the more common 50–80 km today.
1991: First Tour win
In 1991, Greg LeMond was favourite for the Tour and while Induráin was a fine time trialist he was considered too large to be a good climber.[16] LeMond led the race until the 12th stage but on the 13th he broke down on the Tourmalet,[17] and lost more than seven minutes to Induráin, who became the leader and stayed leader to the end.
1992: Tour-Giro double
Induráin won the prologue at San Sebastián and seized the yellow jersey, only to lose it the next day. Induráin finished the time trial in stage nine, over 65 km, three minutes ahead of number two on the stage. Near the end he caught Laurent Fignon, who had started six minutes before him. The 1992 Tour was remarkable for a long breakaway by Claudio Chiappucci on a stage to Sestriere that included six mountains. Induráin seemed to crack on the final climb to Sestriere being passed by Franco Vona but managed to finish third, enough to claim the yellow jersey once more. From here Induráin would establish his racing style "crush rivals in the time trails and control them in the mountains"[18] His defensive tactic brought criticism from Induráin's boyhood hero, Bernard Hinault, who said: "Induráin is the best rider of his generation but he has won this Tour quietly, without great opposition. If the opposition continues to let him get away with it, his reign looks like lasting a long time".[19]
He also won the Giro d'Italia in 1992. After winning the early time trial, Induráin gained a decisive advantage on stage 9 to Latina-Terminillo. There, on the first summit finish of the race, Induráin finished in the first group, dropping the main contenders, and gaining 30 seconds on Chiappucci.[20] On his way to overall victory by 5mins 12secs over Chiapucci, Induráin also won the final stage 21 time trial.
1993: Second Tour-Giro double
Induráin at the 1993 Tour de France
Induráin rode the same way in the 1993 Tour. He won the prologue at Puy-du-Fou, in the Vendée region, and waited until the ninth stage, the 59 km time trial at Lac de Madine, to take control of the race. He won by 2 m 11s.[19] From then on, said Ollivier, he rode defensively, watching Tony Rominger, whom he considered a rival against the clock.[19] Ollivier said Induráin's ride wasn't without effort but another historian, Pierre Chany, said it lacked audacity and that Induráin never "did anything unprovoked which would have allowed this exceptional rider to rise above the rest and excite the crowd".[19]
He won the 1993 Giro d'Italia.[1]
1994: Tour and hour record
Induráin's yellow jersey, 1995 Tour de France.
Induráin again won the first time trial, the ninth stage from Périgueux to Bergerac, in the south-west. He beat Rominger by two minutes. He did, however, attack in the Pyrenees, accelerating at the foot of the 10 km climb to the ski station at Hautacam. Luc Leblanc, Richard Virenque, Marco Pantani and Armand de Las Cuevas stayed with him but other rivals, including Rominger, were left behind. Induráin lost the stage to Leblanc but kept the yellow jersey to the end.
In 1994 he set a world hour record of 53.040 kilometres (32.958 mi),[1] beating Graeme Obree.[21]
Induráin entered the Giro again, but this time was beaten by Evgeni Berzin and Marco Pantani, who had prepared solely for the Giro.[22]
In May 1994, Induráin tested positive for salbutamol following the Tour de L'Oise in France. Though the β2-adrenergic agonist, found in nasal inhalers, was on the controlled substances list of both the IOC and UCI, both organizations permitted sportsmen with asthma to use it. However, in France there was an outright ban on its use.[23] The IOC agreed with the UCI that Induráin would not be punished for using a drug banned outright in France because they accepted the salbutamol was contained in a nasal inhaler he had been using legitimately to aid his respiration. In Spain, the incident was interpreted as another case of the French attempting to hinder Induráin's domination of the sport.[24]
1995: Fifth Tour victory
He also won the Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré in 1995.[1]
The seventh stage of the 1995 Tour linked Charleroi and Liège, both in southern Belgium. It took in the rolling roads of Liège–Bastogne–Liège. Induráin attacked with Johan Bruyneel following and the rest were left 50 seconds behind. The following day Induráin won the first time trial, organised on a demanding circuit at Seraing. Jean-Paul Ollivier wrote: "It offered him another chance to assert his authority. Who could challenge him? The hierarchy established itself by itself. Induráin once again set off on a demonstration Tour. This last victory by the rider from Navarra was a model of strength, intelligence and authority, all well controlled. There wasn't an tactical error, never a scare, no moments of weakness".[25]
Induráin won the world time trial championship.[26]
1996: Aiming for sixth Tour victory
Miguel Induráin in the 1996 Criterium Ciutat de L'Hospitalet
He also won the Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré in 1996.[1]
Induráin aimed for a sixth victory in the 1996 Tour, but suffered from the beginning. He came seventh in the prologue. After bronchitis in a cold and wet first week, he lost time from stage seven. He said that, on the Cormet de Roseland on 6 July, "my legs started to feel odd but, because the speed of the group wasn't very high, I didn't take much notice. I even imagined attacking at the foot of the Arcs climbs."[2] He dropped out of the group and lost three minutes in three kilometres. Race referees penalised him 20 seconds for accepting a bottle of drink in the last kilometre.[N 2] He said the 20 seconds were nothing compared to the minute he would have lost had he not taken the bottle.[2] He later said he would stop racing. The Dane Bjarne Riis won and his teammate Jan Ullrich finished second. Induráin finished 11th and, in a stage passing through his hometown and ending in Pamplona, he finished 19th, eight minutes behind the stage winner.
He won the individual time trial in the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, where professionals competed for the first time.[26]
In September 1996 Induráin rode the Vuelta a España at the insistence of his team. He dropped out unexpectedly on the Mirador del Fito,[2] 30 km (19 mi) from the end of the stage to Covadonga. Relations with his team manager, José-Miguel Echavarri, had been difficult since an aborted attempt on the hour record in Colombia in October 1995.[1] The two no longer speak.[1]
Retirement
Induráin took two months to consider his future, particularly the €4.5 million that Manolo Saiz was said to have offered him to transfer to the ONCE team.[2][5] Negotiations foundered over which races Induráin would ride and whether Saiz would pay more.[5] However, on 1 January 1997 he told 300 journalists and others in the El Toro hotel in Pamplona that he would not race again. "This is a long and deeply meditated decision, especially as physically I'm in condition to win a sixth Tour", he said. "In early 1996 I decided it was time to go, and I tried to win the Tour for the last time. When I didn't, I thought the Olympics would be the perfect way of bowing out, but what happened after the Tour of Spain made me change my mind. Every year it gets harder and I think I have spent enough time in the sport. My family are waiting."[5] After reading a prepared 30-line statement, he left without taking questions.[2]
Induráin now lives near Pamplona and has a house in Benidorm, on the Mediterranean.[27] He and his wife, Marisa, have three children.[4] He founded the Miguel Induráin Foundation in 1998 to promote sport in his home region of Navarra. He worked with the Spanish Olympic Committee to promote Sevilla's candidature for the 2004 Olympics,[1] and the Union Cycliste Internationale. He continues to ride a bike three or four times a week.[4] He attends cyclotourist events such as L'Étape du Tour,[28] the Mallorca312 and the Cape Argus Pick & Pay Cycle Tour in Cape Town, South Africa.
Physical prowess
According to the University of Ferrara, who conducted tests on Induráin, his strength came from his body's superior physiology. His blood took 7 litres of oxygen around his body per minute, compared to 3–4 litres for an ordinary person and 5–6 litres for fellow riders. His cardiac output was 50 litres a minute; a fit amateur cyclist's is about 25 litres. Induráin's lung capacity was 7.8 litres, compared to an average of 6 litres.[2] His resting pulse was as low as 28 BPM, compared to an average 60–72 bpm, which meant his heart would be less strained in the tough mountain stages.[29][15] His VO2 max was 88 ml/kg/min; in comparison, Lance Armstrong's was 83.8 ml/kg/min and Greg LeMond's was more than 92 ml/kg/min.[30]
He consulted the Italian professor Francesco Conconi (famous for pioneering EPO use in sport) from 1987 and his weight dropped from 85 kg (187 lb) to 78 kg (172 lb) under his guidance,[6][7] "changing himself into an all-round rider", said Philippe Brunel in L'Équipe.[2] He was 10 kg (22 lb) lighter than when he was a junior.[31]
Induráin was subjected to further physical testing at age 46, 14 years after his retirement, in a 2012 published study to determine age-related fitness decline. His maximal values were oxygen uptake 5.29 L/min (57.4 mL · kg-1 · min-1) and aerobic power output 450 W (4.88 W/kg) and was found to have seen greater changes in body composition than aerobic capacity as he weighed 92 kg at the time. However, his absolute maximal and submaximal oxygen uptake and power output in 2012 still compared favorably with those exhibited by active professional cyclists.[32]
Critics
Although Induráin, who has always denied doping, has never been banned or given a positive test for any sports-enhancing drug (with the exception of salbutamol), some remain skeptical of his achievements. Anti-doping expert Sandro Donati released information showing Induráin and his Banesto team were clients of Dr. Francesco Conconi, who was later found to be doping many of his cyclist clients. The Banesto team confirmed it met Conconi but only to conduct Conconi tests on its cyclists.[33] Former Festina coach Antonie Vayer has also cast doubt on Induráin's abilities, claiming only "mutants" could have performed at the level he did.[34]
Personality
Induráin resisted comparison to Tour champions of the past and said he "never felt superior to anyone". He "never had airs about himself and only reluctantly stepped into the limelight that came with the maillot jaune [yellow jersey]", Andy Hood wrote in Procycling.[27]
Induráin was a man difficult to know. He was modest and quiet, "governing his troops without ever being demanding."[2] A Spanish journalist, frustrated that he could find nothing interesting about him, asked "I wonder if his wife knows who this man is who sleeps beside her."[2] A teammate, Jean-François Bernard said: "When he comes down for his meal, you don't even hear him move his chair."[2]
Procycling wrote:
His five straight Tour crowns paralleled Spain's coming of age following decades of repression under the dictatorship of General Franco and his face became a symbol of a new, more assertive Spain stepping confidently on to the European stage.[27]
Philippe Brunel in L'Équipe called him "humble and sublime, taciturn some days. But who was this robotic athlete who, in his streamlined helmet and his Plexiglass visor, dominated [domestiquait] the time-trials like no one before him except perhaps Jacques Anquetil?"
The magazine Cycling Weekly wrote: "He seems to do everything very slowly, as though he is trying to conserve energy even here. His eyes blink at half-speed but the gaze from his brown eyes is steady. He looks as relaxed off the bike as he does when he is on it, but you are aware that you are in the presence of a great bike rider."[35]
Induráin said the man who most impressed him was Pope John Paul II, whom he gave a yellow jersey from the Tour de France and a pink jersey from the Giro d'Italia.[4] It is rare for genuine items from his cycling career to be in another's collection, as he keeps most of his clothing, equipment etc., [36] making such gifts special.
Induráin is a member of the Laureus World Sports Academy.[37]
Decorations
Prince of Asturias Award for Sports
Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sporting Merit[38]
Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit[39]
French Legion of Honour
Olympic Order
Prince of Asturias Award for Sports
Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sporting Merit[38]
Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit[39]
French Legion of Honour
Olympic Order
Career achievements
Major results
- 1983
- 1st
Road race, National Amateur Road Championships - 1984
- 1st Stage 10 (ITT) Tour de l'Avenir
- 1985
Tour de l'Avenir- 1st Stages 6a & 10 (ITT)
- 2nd Overall Vuelta a Andalucia
- 1986
- 1st
Overall Tour de l'Avenir- 1st Prologue & Stage 9 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Vuelta a Murcia
- 1st Prologue
- 6th Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
- 1987
- 1st GP Navarra
- 1st Prologue Vuelta a Murcia
- 3rd Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
- 1st
Points classification - 1st Stages 4b (ITT) & 5
- 1st
Road race, National Amateur Road Championships
Points classification- 1988
- 1st
Overall Volta a Catalunya- 1st Stage 6a (ITT)
- 1st Stage 4a Vuelta a Cantabria
- 3rd Overall Vuelta a Galicia
- 1st Stage 2
- 8th Overall Setmana Catalana de Ciclisme
- 1989
- 1st
Overall Paris–Nice - 1st Overall Critérium International
- 1st Stage 3 (ITT)
- 1st Stage 9 Tour de France
- 7th La Flèche Wallonne
- 10th Overall Tour de Suisse
- 10th Overall Volta a Catalunya
- 10th Liège–Bastogne–Liège
- 1990
- 1st Overall Paris–Nice
- 1st Stage 6
- 1st Clásica de San Sebastián
- 1st Stage 4 Vuelta a Burgos
- 3rd Overall Tour of the Basque Country
- 1st Stage 5a
- 3rd Road race, National Road Championships
- 4th La Flèche Wallonne
- 5th Trofeo Luis Puig
- 7th Overall Vuelta a España
- 7th Overall Critérium International
- 9th Overall Vuelta Ciclista a la Communidad Valenciana
- 1st Stage 5
- 10th Overall Tour de France
- 1st Stage 16
Overall Volta a Catalunya
Overall Paris–Nice- 1991
- 1st Overall Tour de France
- 1st Stages 8 (ITT) & 21 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Volta a Catalunya
- 1st Stage 5 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Tour du Vaucluse
- 1st Stage 2
- 2nd Overall Vuelta a España
- 3rd
Road race, UCI Road World Championships - 4th Liège–Bastogne–Liège
- 1992
- 1st Overall UCI Road World Rankings
- 1st Road race, National Road Championships
- 1st Overall Tour de France
- 1st Prologue, Stages 9 (ITT) & 19 (ITT)
- 1st
Overall Giro d'Italia- 1st
Intergiro classification - 1st Stages 3 (ITT) & 21 (ITT)
- 1st
- 1st Overall Volta a Catalunya
- 1st Stage 1a Vuelta Castilla y Leon
- 2nd Overall Tour de Romandie
- 1st Stage 4b (ITT)
- 3rd Overall Paris–Nice
- 4th Overall Vuelta a Aragón
- 6th Road race, UCI Road World Championships
- 1993
- 1st Overall UCI Road World Rankings
- 1st Overall Tour de France
- 1st Prologue & Stage 9 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Giro d'Italia
- 1st Stages 10 (ITT) & 19 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Vuelta Castilla y Leon
- 1st Stage 1a
- 1st Stage 6 Vuelta a Murcia (ITT)
- 2nd
Road race, UCI Road World Championships - 2nd Road race, National Road Championships
- 3rd Overall Vuelta Ciclista a la Communidad Valenciana
- 1994
- 1st Overall Tour de France
- 1st Stage 9 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Tour de l'Oise
- 1st Stage 4
- 1st Stage 3 Vuelta Castilla y Leon
- 2nd Overall Vuelta Ciclista a la Communidad Valenciana
- 1st Stage 6 (ITT)
- 3rd Overall Giro d'Italia
- 1995
UCI Road World Championships- 1st
Time trial - 2nd Road race
- 1st
- 1st Overall Tour de France
- 1st Stages 8 (ITT) & 19 (ITT)
- 1st
Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré- 1st Stage 3 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Grand Prix du Midi Libre
- 1st Overall Volta a Calicia
- 1st Stage 1
- 1st Overall Vuelta Ciclista a La Rioja
- 1st Stage 1
- 1st Stage 5a Vuelta a Aragón
- 3rd Overall Vuelta a Asturias
- 1st Stages 1 (ITT) & 5
- 9th Clásica de San Sebastián
- 1996
- 1st
Time trial, Olympic Games - 1st Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
- 1st Stages 5 (ITT) & 6
- 1st Overall Volta ao Alentejo
- 1st Prologue & Stage 4
- 1st Overall Vuelta a Asturias
- 1st Stage 1 (ITT)
- 1st Overall Euskal Bizikleta
- 1st Stage 5
- 2nd Overall Vuelta a Burgos
Road race, UCI Road World Championships
Intergiro classification
Road race, UCI Road World Championships
Time trial
Overall Critérium du Dauphiné Libéré
Time trial, Olympic Games
Grand Tour general classification results timeline
Grand Tour | 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | 1988 | 1989 | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Giro d'Italia | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 3 | — | — |
 Tour de France | DNF | DNF | 97 | 47 | 17 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 11 |
 Vuelta a España | 84 | 92 | DNF | DNF | DNF | 7 | 2 | — | — | — | — | DNF |
| — | Did not compete |
|---|---|
DNF | Did not finish |
Notes
^ L'Équipe reported on 8 July 2001 that 2,000 children had taken up cycling in the town because of Induráin's fame.
^ Race rules forbid team managers to approach riders at the end of the race to avoid their cars interfering with the race or making it unsafe.
References
^ abcdefghij L'Équipe, France, 15 July 2000
^ abcdefghijk L'Équipe, France, 2 July 2004[verification needed]
^ "Miguel Induráin Olympic Results". Sports Reference. Retrieved 18 May 2015..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em
^ abcdefghij L'Équipe, France, 8 July 2001
^ abcd Cycling Weekly, UK, 11 January 1997
^ ab Het Volk, Belgium, 31 December 1991
^ abcde Cycling Weekly, UK, undated cutting
^ Cycling Weekly, UK, 9 February 2002
^ "Palmarès de Miguel Induráin" (in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. Archived from the original on 11 March 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ "Induráin venció la contrarreloj" (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 16 September 1984. p. 33. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ "Induráin: Ser líder a los 20 años" (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 26 April 1985. p. 29. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ ab "The Tour – Miguel Induráin". Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original on 16 July 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ "Induráin emperaza con bronquitis" (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportivo. 24 March 1987. p. 38. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ "1989 How it happened". Cycling weekly. 14 July 2009.
^ ab "1991–1995: Big Mig's masterclass". BBC Sport. 3 August 2004. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ Armijo, Vic (1999). The complete idiot's guide to cycling. Penguin. ISBN 0-02-862929-9.
^ "78ème Tour de France 1991" (in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ Cossins, Peter; Best, Isabel; Sidwells, Chris; Griffith, Clare (2013). Le Tour 100: The definitive history of the world's greatest race. London: Octopus Publishing Group Limited. pp.182-183 .
ISBN 978-1-84403-723-0.
^ abcd Ollivier, Jean-Paul (1999), Maillot Jaune, Sélection du Readers Digest, France, p81,
ISBN 978-2-7098-1091-3
^ "Grand Tour Doubles – Miguel Induráin – Cycling Weekly". 24 September 2010.
^ Padilla, S; Mujika, I; Angulo, F; Goiriena, JJ (2000). "Scientific approach to the 1-h cycling world record: a case study". Journal of Applied Physiology. American Physiological Society. 89 (4): 1522–7. PMID 11007591.
^ "Induráin's sensible sacrifice". The Independent. UK. 11 June 1995. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ "Drugs in Sport: Induráin allowed to use 'banned' drug". The Independent. 30 August 1994. Retrieved 23 October 2010.
^ "A giant in the saddle; profile; Miguel Induráin". The Independent. 25 June 1995. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
^ Ollivier, Jean-Paul (1999), Maillot Jaune, Sélection du Readers Digest, France, p82,
ISBN 978-2-7098-1091-3
^ ab "Miguel Induráin". Sports reference. Retrieved 16 November 2010.
^ abc Procycling, UK, February 2008
^ L'Équipe, France, 17 July 2003
^ Lovgren, Stefan (August 20, 2004). "Olympic Gold Begins With Good Genes, Experts Say". National Geographic News.
^ "Greg LeMond Professional Cycling's Talented Revolutionary". [Bike Race Info. Retrieved 8 July 2016.
^ Cycling Weekly, UK, 10 August 1991
^ Mujika, Iñigo (2012). "The Cycling Physiology of Miguel Indurain 14 Years After Retirement". International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 7 (4): 397–400. doi:10.1123/ijspp.7.4.397. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
^ "Report: Induráin and Banesto were Conconi clients". Cyclingnews.com. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
^ Cossins, Peter. "Vayer casts doubt over performances of Induráin and Jalabert". Cyclingnews.com. Retrieved 25 February 2016.
^ Cycling Weekly, UK, Tour de France special, 1995
^ Robinson, J. (2018, December). Collectors Bradley Wiggins: The Wiggins Collection. Cyclist (The Thrill of the Ride), (81), 104-114.
^ "Miguel Induráin – Laureus Academy Member".
^ "Grand Cross of the Royal Order of Sporting Merit" (PDF).
^ "Grand Cross of the Order of Civil Merit – Documento BOE-A-1995-22891". www.boe.es.
Further reading
Abt, Samuel (1993). Champion: Bicycle Racing in the Age of Miguel Induráin. Translated by Jeremy Munday. San Francisco: Bicycle Books. ISBN 978-0-933201-59-0.
Sánchez, Javier García (2002). Induráin: A Tempered Passion. Norwich, UK: Mousehold Press. ISBN 978-1-874739-23-4.
Mujika I (2012). "The cycling physiology of Miguel Induráin 14 years after retirement". International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 7 (4): 397–400. PMID 22868823.
External links
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miguel Induráin. |
- Miguel Induráin's Foundation
- Spanish Olympic Committee
| Awards and achievements | ||
|---|---|---|
Preceded by Sergey Bubka | Prince of Asturias Award for Sports 1992 | Succeeded by Javier Sotomayor |
| Preceded by Kevin Young | United Press International Athlete of the Year 1993 | Succeeded by Johan Olav Koss |
Olympic Cycling Champions in Men's Individual Time Trial | |
|---|---|
|
Rudolph Lewis 
Harry Stenqvist 
Armand Blanchonnet 
Miguel Induráin 
Viatcheslav Ekimov 
Fabian Cancellara  UCI Road World Champions – Men's time trial | |
|---|---|
|
Authority control  |
|
|---|
Categories:
- 1964 births
- Giro d'Italia cyclists
- Giro d'Italia winners
- Cyclists at the 1984 Summer Olympics
- Cyclists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
- Living people
- Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics
- Navarrese cyclists
- Olympic cyclists of Spain
- Olympic gold medalists for Spain
- Olympic medalists in cycling
- People from Cuenca de Pamplona
- Spanish male cyclists
- Spanish Roman Catholics
- Spanish Tour de France stage winners
- Tour de France cyclists
- Tour de France prologue winners
- Tour de France winners
- UCI Road World Champions (elite men)
- Giro d'Italia and Tour de France winners in the same year
- Sportspeople from Pamplona
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