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Карбон Периодизация | Източници | Външни препратки | Навигация10.1126/science.1161648КарбонGeologic Time Scale 2004Examples of Carboniferous Fossils60+ images of Carboniferous Foraminifera

Карбон


немскианглийскигеоложки периодпалеозойската ераЛавразияГондванавулканични изригванияспоровите растениянасекомиземноводнитевлечуги












Карбон




от Уикипедия, свободната енциклопедия






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Емблема за пояснителна страницаТази статия е за геоложкия период. За материала вижте Въглеродно влакно.










Карбон
преди 359.2–299 милиона години

ПреК

К

О

С

Д

К

П

Т

Ю

К

Пг

Н




Средно атмосферно съдържание на O2 през периода

ca. 32.5 Vol %[1]
(163 % от съвр. ниво)

Средно атмосферно съдържание на CO2 през периода

ca. 800 ppm[2]
(3 пъти прединдустриалното ниво)

Средната температура на повърхността през периода

ca. 14 °C[3]
(0 °C над съвр. ниво)

Морско равнище (над съвременното)

Пада от 120 m до днешните нива по време на мисисипий, след това постоянно нараства до 80 m в края на периода[4]


































































Еон

Ера
Продължителност

Период
Начало
в млн. г.

Фанерозой

Неозой
65,5 млн. г.

Кватернер
2,588  

Неоген
23,03  

Палеоген
65,5  

Мезозой
185,5 млн. г.

Креда
145,5  

Юра
199,6  

Триас
251    

Палеозой
291 млн. г.

Перм
299    

Карбон
359,2  

Девон
416    

Силур
443,7  

Ордовик
488,3  

Камбрий
542    

Протерозой

Неопротерозой
458 млн. г.

Едиакарий
630    

Криоген
850    

Тоний
1 000    

Мезопротерозой
600 млн. г.

Стений
1 200    

Ектасий
1 400    

Калимий
1 600    

Палеопротерозой
900 млн. г.

Статерий
1 800    

Орозирий
2 050    

Рясий
2 300    

Сидерий
2 500    

Архай

Неоархай
300 млн. г.
2 800    

Мезоархай
400 млн. г.
3 200    

Палеоархай
400 млн. г.
3 600    

Еоархай
3 800    

Хадей
  4 700    

Карбон (на немски: Karbon, на английски: Carboniferous) е геоложки период от 359 млн г. до 299 млн г. пр.н.е. Той е предпоследният, пети период от палеозойската ера, с продължителност около 60 млн. години.


В неговото начало сушата е събрана в 2 огромни свръхконтинента: Лавразия на север и Гондвана на юг. През целия период тези континенти се приближават един към друг и това тяхно движение предизвиква силни вулканични изригвания.


В карбона голямо разпространение получават споровите растения и се появяват първите насекоми. Има голямо разнообразие на земноводните. В края на периода се появяват примитивните форми на влечуги, които населяват сухите пространства.



Периодизация |































Период
Система
Етаж

млн. год.

Перм

Сизуралий

Аселий

младши

Карбон

Пенсилваний

Гжелий
303,7–298,9

Казимовий
307–303,7

Московий
315,2–307

Башкирий
323,2–315,2

Мисисипий

Серпуковий
330,9–323,2

Визий
346,7–330,9

Турний
358,9–346,7

Девон

Горен девон

Фамений

старши


Източници |



  1. ↑ Image:Sauerstoffgehalt-1000mj.svg


  2. ↑ Image:Phanerozoic Carbon Dioxide.png


  3. ↑ Image:All palaeotemps.png


  4. ↑ Haq, B. U. и др. A Chronology of Paleozoic Sea-Level Changes. // Science 322 (5898). 2008. DOI:10.1126/science.1161648. с. 64–68.



Външни препратки |





Общомедия разполага с мултимедийно съдържание за

Карбон.



  • Geologic Time Scale 2004. // International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).

  • Examples of Carboniferous Fossils

  • 60+ images of Carboniferous Foraminifera




Взето от „https://bg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Карбон&oldid=9251018“.










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