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Ethnologue
Nganasan
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A language of Russian Federation
ISO 639-3
nio
Alternate Names
Nya, Tavgi Samoyed
Population
130 (2010 census). A group of about 100 lead a semi-nomadic life in Dudypta river region near Ust’-Avam (Salminen 2007). Ethnic population: 860 (2010 census).
Location
Krasnoyarsk krai: Duinka region, Ust-Avam and Volochanka villages; Khatang region, Novaya village; northernmost people in Russia, Siberia, Taimyr peninsula.
Language Maps
Central Russian Federation
Language Status
6b (Threatened).
Classification
Uralic, Samoyed, Northern Samoyed
Dialects
Avam (West Nganasan), Khatang.
Language Use
There are very few child speakers except in the semi-nomadic group, whose members use it more actively. Outside this group, only those 40 and older are fully fluent (Salminen 2007). Limited use in the home. Some of all ages. Mixed attitudes, from neutral to mildly positive. Ethnic pride expressed and status enhanced by knowledge of Nganasan. Also use Dolgan [dlg]. Also use Russian [rus], especially middle-aged and younger (Salminen 2007). Used as L2 by Tundra Enets [enh].
Language Development
Taught in primary schools as L2 to Avam-Nganasan children. Dictionary. Grammar.
Language Resources
OLAC resources in and about Nganasan
Writing
Cyrillic script [Cyrl].
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2 ethnic groups: Avam and Vadeyev. From 1960s–1980s resettled in villages formerly used as winter quarters or trading posts along migratory routes in 1940s. Previous intermittent contact with Tundra Enets and Nenets, and formerly officially were considered part of them. Resettlement brought close contact with Russian, Ukrainian [ukr], Belarusian [bel], and Tatar [tat]. Traditional religion.